Lapping machine



Dec. 4 ,i- 1,475,990

H. A. ERICKSON LAPPING MACHINE Filed Aug. 2. 1921 2 sheets-sheet 1 ,.o 2 03mg mid H. A. ERICKSON LAPPING MACHINE Filed Aug. 2. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

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Patented Dec. 4, 1923.

UNITED STATES HERMAN A. ERICKSON, OF BAKERSFIELD, CALIFORNIA.

LAPPING MACHINE.

Application led August 2, 1921. Serial No. 489,160.

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, HERMAN A. ERICK- soN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Bakersfield, county of Kern, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Lapping Machines, of which the followingr is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in lappingr machines; and the nature and objects of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art in the light of the following explanation and detailed description of the accompanying drawings illustrating what l now believe to be the preferred embodiments or mechanical expressions of the invention from among other forms, arrangements, combinations and constructions Within the spirit and scope thereof.

The present invention relates particularly to machines for lapping the cylinders, pistons and piston rings of internal combustion motors of the automobile type, although the invention is equally applicable to use in lappingr the cylinders of all types of internal combustion motors, as well as cylinders generally.

Those familiar with the use and repair of automobile internal combustion motors are aware ofthe great diiiiculties encountered in lapping scored and scratched cylinders and in lapping pistons and pistou rings to the cylinders With which they are to be operated. According to one of the generally prevailing methods and practices at present in use in repair shops, garages and such like, the lapping of scored and damaged cylinders is performed manually by reciprocatingthe piston in the cylinder to be repaired until the grinding and abrasive action of the contacting surfaces has efaced the scores, scratches or other damage, from the cylinder wall, or in the case of lapping pistons and piston rings, until the piston and rings have been ground suiliciently to provide the necessary tight, leak proof tit with the cylinder. It is Well understood. by those skilled in this art, that the. most efiicient method of performing this lapping operation is to rotate the piston While reciprocating the same in the cylinder, in order to uniformly distribute the grinding action around the contacting surfaces and prevent grinding thecylinder and piston out of alinement. Obviously, this manual method of lapping is a lengthy, tedious operation and cannot be performed with the desired degree cf acr-'uracy because of the diiiiculty of evenly grinding around the cylinder Wall. and maintainingr the required alinement manually. Further, it is usually necessary to practically completely disassemble the motor to he repaired and to remove the damaged cylinders in order to manually work thereon.

One of the main objects of the present invention is to overcome the various disadvantages aiuldiiiicnlties above referred to as present in the existingr practices of manually lapping cylinrlers and pistons, b v providing a machine for lapping the cylinders, pistons and rings ot automobile internal combustion motors Without requiring complete disassembly of the motor or the removal of the cylinders from the motor, and Which Inachinc is portable and readily moved and placed into operative position with respect to the motor to be repaired.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine for lapping the cylinders, pistons and rings of internal combustion motors by imparting a reciprocatory movement to the piston in the cylinder to be operated upon and which machine at the same time automatically imparts a rotary movement to the piston at regular intervals With respect to the reciprocation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine for lapping,r the cylinders, pistons and piston rings of internal combustion motors, with universal connections for coupling,r the piston of a cylinder to be lapped with the machine. so that the piston and cylinder will he maintained in proper alinement for lapping Without necessitating the machine and connections being alined with the cylinder and piston.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine for lapping the cylinders, pistons and piston rings of automobile internal combustion motors, which may be placed beneath, or above, a motor without removing the same from the automobile and connected with thc pistons to lap the cylinders by imparting a combined reciprocation and rotary movement to the pistons While maintainingr them in proper alinement Without regard to the alinement of the machine with respect to the cylinders.

Afurther object of the invention is to provide improved mechanism for imparting winbincd reciprocatory and rotar;Y movement to the piston of a cylinder, which is of t'ev.' parts of simple construction and arrangement, positive in operation and effih vieni in results.

ii'ir iiiesc and other objects in View1 the iniwiliun consists in certain novel features in cnnsriuftiwii aurl in combinations and ar- 'eniceis :is :ro e tally and particuiariy i" ari speciihd hereinafter.

Relcrring to the accompanying drawings:

Fig. i is a top plan view of a lapping machine embodying features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a view in side elevation ol' a` niachine of the invention.y showing more or less diagramn'iaticallv, a` cylinder and piston operatively connected therewith.

Fig. 3 is a detail side elevation, partly in vertical section,y of the connecting means and operating mechanism therefor.

Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view showingr certain parts of the invention.

Fior 5 is a detail side elevation.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the rotary crank disk ot the machine of the invention.

In the particular torni and embodiment of the invention iliustrated herewith, the machine is mounted upon a portable supporting i'rame 1, comprising the side hars 2 having their opposite end lengths bent to provide the legs 2 and maintained parallel and rigidlyY spaced apart bv the end bars 3 .secured :it their opposite ends to and connecting the side bars 2. A bar 4 is secured longitudinally of the trame 1, parallel with and spaced a distance trom one of the side bars E2. and secured at its ends to the end bars 3. Suitable parallel and spaced braces 4El are secured between the bar 4 and the side bar 2, adjacent thereto.

The supporting trame ma;r be formed ol anj,v comparativelyT light, inexpensive ma terial` uch for example as strap iron` at though it is to be understood that any dcsirefi or suitable traine or other mountingr maj.' be utilized. as it not intended or dcsired to limit the invention to the type or torni of m-mntingr used in connection therewith.

The mechanism oi" the invention comprises :he shat't 5 iournalefl in the :dined bearings 5nw mounted on the bar 4 and the side har if?. resil'rcctirely`r between the braces i3. The outer end nl: the shaft 5 is provider'l with. the driving `wheel 6 mounted thereonv and iu the particular example illustrated is in the `Form of a gear Wheel adapted to be rofated from anlv suitable or desired source ot power (not shown). The inner end of the diatt 5 has the crank disk 7 mounted thereon and rotatable therewith. The crank disk T. as clearly shown Fig. 6. ot the drawings. is provided with a series of spaced, transverse bores 7a therethrough at intervals from the center toward the eripher),Y of the disk. A crank pin 8 provldefl with a duced shank portion 8 is adjustably mounted on the crank disk i with the shank 8 fitting in one oit the bores T and extending a distance beyond the disk i', Where it is screuT threaded to receive the securing nut 8l) Vfor locking the crank pin to the crank disk. The crank pin 8 ma)v be securml iu that here T which is at the distance from the center ot the disk to give the required throw to the crank piu 8 when the disk 7 is rotated by the shaft 5 and drive Wheel 6. Any number and desired arrangement of bores 7a can be provided through the disk to permit mounting the crank pin at various distances from the center of the crank disk to vary the throw of the pin to meet the requirements of the operation to be performed.

The crank pin 8 is provided With a groove 9 therein and extending therearound at an angle to the axis of the pin, that is, the plane of the groove 9 lies at an angle to a transverse plane through the pin at right angles to the axis thereof. A collar 10 is loosellv mounted and confined in the groove 9, and is formed in two sections tor removal troni and replacement in the crank groove 9. rThe sections of which the collar 10 is formed are each provided with a notch 10a cut in the odge adjacent one ond thereof, and the ends of the sections are formed with screw threaded bores 10b which are in alineinen when the collar is assembled to receive the securing screws 10, the heads ot which he and are accessible in the notch i0 of each section. respectively, ot the coilar 1f). clearly illustrated, in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 ot the drawings. The collar 10 is loosely mounteii and secured in the groove 9 ot' the crank piu 8 by the screws 10C, and is provided with the diametrically opposite. peripheral refesses or depressions 10".

forked member 1l is provided with opposite1 alined bearing screws 11 extending transversely through the opposite arms thereof and this member l1 is pivotally mounted on and connected with the collar 10 in the crank pin groove 9, by the bearing screws 11 which extend into the opposite recesses 10d in the collar 10. In this inanner the forked member 1l is confined on and in pivotal connection with the collar l0. The head ot' the forked member 11 provides a` socket 1,1b fo receive the ratchet 12 which is confined in the socket 11b by a bearingr hloek 13 removably,7 secured in and closing the open end of the socket by a set screw or the like 13". The hearing block 13 is formed with ay central bore in which the ratchet sha-ft 12 is rotatably journaled and extends outwardly a distance therebeyond. A pawl 14 is mounted in the extension 14a at one Sill side of the socket 1lb in operative conneclfm Gli mounted on the Wrist tion with the ratchet 12 and with the forked member 11.

A connection rod 15 is formed with an internal bore or socket 15'i to fit over and receive thc end of the ratchet shaft 12a and is adjustably secured thereon by a set screw 15". The opposite end of the connecting rod 15 is flattened and provides an eye 15C. A wrist pin connecting link 16 is provided with the spaced arms 16L which tit over the eye 15" ot the connecting rod and are provided with alined bores through which a bolt 16b is passed and which bolt extends through the eye 15c to pivotally couple the wrist pin connecting link to the connecting rod 15. The opposite end of the link 16 is provided with an eye 16, disposed at right angles to the axis of the bores through the spaced arms 16, and which is adapted to be pivotally mounted on the Wrist pin of a piston.

In Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings, I show more or less diagrammatically by Way of illustration. a cylinder C mounted and rigidly clamped in the vise V and having the piston P therein. The trame 1 upon which the hereinbefore described mechauisrn is mounted, is placed below the cylinder and the connecting link 16 is pivotally pin W of the piston P by the eye 16c of the link. The opposite end ot the link is pivotally connected to the eye 15C of the connecting rod 15 by means ot the bolt 16h. The connecting rod 15 is adjustably coupled to the ratchet shaft 12a by the set screw 15b to permit the proper length or extent of connecting rod and ratchet shaft between the piston P and the crank pin 8 on the crank disk 7. Depending upon the c vlinder and the particular operation to be performed thereon, the crank pin 8 is secured in the proper bore 7a in the crank disk 7 to ldive the required throwv to the crank pin and desired stroke to the connecting rod l5 and piston P connected there with.

lt will be noted, that, due to the universal connection provided between the Wrist pin l of the piston P and the conecting rod 15, by the link 16, it is not necessary to aline the connectingr rod, ratchet and crank with the, cylinder to be operated upon. Furthcr. due to the pivotal connection between the locked member 11 and the crank pin and collar 10. the range of operation in nonalincrficnt is still further increased without affecting the actual alinemcnt of the piston l in the cylinder C and of the contacting,r surfaces therein. so that the cylinder and piston will be lapped in proper alinement without regard to the position of the frame 1 and the operatingr mechanism supported thereon.

In operation, with the machine of the invention connected with the piston P, as described above, the drive wheel 6 is rotated by any suitable source ot power (not shown) and rotates the shaft 5 and crank disk 7. As the crank 7 rotates, the crank pin 8 is raised and lowered to reciprocate the piston P iu the cylinder C, through the collar 10, forked member 11, ratchet shaft 12a. con nec-ting rod l5, and link 16, as Will be Vclearly understood by reference to the foregoing description in connection with the accompa nyine: drawings.

As hereinbefore pointed ont, to elliciently and accurately lap a cylinder, or a piston and rings to a cylinder` it is necessaryT to impart a rotary or turning movement to the pistou, as well as the reciprocating movement, in order that the grinding` action of the contacting surfaces will be evenly dis tributed thcrearound.

The present invention provides the ratchet mechanism for rotating the piston P in the cylinder (l. As the crank pin 8 is moved around and upwardly and downwardly, by the rotation ol the crank disk 7, the collar 10 which is loosely mounted and confined in the angularly disposed crank pin groove 9 is maintained in substantially fixed position against rotation by the forked member 11 and the crank pin 8 rotates therein with respect thereto. Due to the angular position of the ,groove 9 with respect to the pin 8, as the pin is moved around by the rotation of the disk i', the groove 9 Will act as a cam 4groove and oscillate the collar 10 and forked inonder 1l pivotally connected therewith. Each revolution oi the crank disk T and pin 8 will cause onc complete oscillation of the collar 10 and member 11, and the movement ot the member 11 in one direction causes the pan'l 14 to engage a tooth of the ratchet 'l2 and rotate the same, and the movement of the member 11V by the groove 9, in the opposite direction draws the paivl across the ratchet 12. into position to entrano the ratchet upon the next rotation oi' the disk T and pin 8. The rotation ot' the ratchet 12 by the paw] 14. rotates` thc ratchet shall l2, connecting' rod 15 and through the link 16 imparts the desired turningr movement to the piston P. Thus it is secn that tor each rcvolution of thc crank disk T and double stroke of the connecting rod 15 and piston l. the piston P is given a partial rotation in thc cylinder. and that the piston is turned a complete revolution upon a cer tain number ot Strokes hv the connecting rod and piston, so that, the grinding action ot the contacting surfaces is evenly distribnted tliclearound and great accuracy is obtained.

The machinc described hereinbetore may he mounted in various Ways, Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is to be understood that the 'application illustrated in Fig. 2, is purely by Way of example. The lapping machine can be placed under a motor and operate upon a cylinder Without requiring diseassembly of the motor, or as in the case of V type motors can be placed above the motor and operate upon the cylinders, or if desired or necessary a cylinder can be operated upon in a horizontal position.

Being of simple, light construction and arrangement, the invention is particularly applicable to use in garages and repair shops, as it may be readily transported from one job to another.

It is evident that various changes.` modilications and variations might he resorted to without departingr from the spirit and scope of the invention, and hence I do not wish to limit the invention to the exact disclosures hereof.

Desiring to protect my invention in the broadest manner legally possible, What I claim is:

l. A lapping machine comprising a supporting trame, a drive shaft mounted thereon, a crank disk mounted on and ro` tated by said shaft, a crank pin secured on said disk and having an angularly disposed circumferential groove formed therein and therearound, a collar loosely mounted and contined in said groove, a connecting rod coupled to and reciprocated b said collar, and means operated by sai collar and groove to rotate said connecting rod in one direction upon rotation of the crank disk and pin.

2. A lapping machine comprising a sup` porting trame, a drive shaft mounted thereon, a crank disk mounted on and ro` tated hy said shaft, a crank pin secured on said disk and having an angularly disposed circumferential groove formed therein and therearound, a collar loosely mounted and confined in said groove, a forked member pivotally secured to said collar, a ratchet rotatably mounted in said 'forked member, a pawl for engaging said ratchet mounted on and movable with said forked member, and a connecting rod secured to and rotated by said ratchet. the said connecting rod reriprocated by rotation of said crank disk and pin.

2i. in a lapping machine a crank disk, a crank pin mounted thereon and provided with an angnlarly disposed groove therearonnd. a collar loosely mounted and con` lined in said groore, a member pivotally mounted on said collar adapted to be osciliatcd thereby, a pawl mounted on said memner and movable tluzrevvith, and a ratchet rotatably journaled in said member and engaged by said pawl.

Y 4. In a lapping machine, a crank in having an angularly disposed circum erential groove therearound, a collar loosely mounted in said groove to permit rotation of said pin therein, a forked member extending around said collar in the plane thereof and pivotaliy mounted thereon at opposite points on the periphery thereof, a connecting rod rotatably mounted in said forked member and extendingy radially from said collar, a ratchet mounted on said connecting rod and a paivl mounted on said forked meint-ier tor engagement with said ratchet, the said collar oscillare-:i hy the action ot said crank pin groove during operation ot said crank pin and reciprocation of said connectingr rod, whereby said forked ineinher and pawl are oscillated to impart a step by step rotation to said connecting rod through said ratchet.

5. In a lapping machine,y a crank element, means mounted on said crank element for of-:cillation thereby in a path at substantially right angles to the path of said element, a connecting rod, and means coupling said connecting rod to said oscillatory crank element operated means, the Said connecting rod adapted to he reciprocated by said crank element, and the said couplingr means oscillated by said crank element mounted means to impart a step by step rotation to said connecting rod.

6. In a lapping machine. a crank element., means mounted on said crank element for oscillation thereby in a path at sub` stantially right angles to the path of said clement. a connecting rod pivotally coupled to said means, and a universai connection mounted at the free end of said connecting rod, the said connecting rod adapted to be reciprocated by said crank element and rotated by said oscillatory crank operated means, and the said universal connection permitting coupling ot the tree end of the connecting rod to the work to be lapped Without alining said connecting rod therewith.

7.111 a. lapping machine. a crank clement. means mounted on said crank element Jfor oscillation thereby in a path at substantially right angles to the path of said element, a c'.ninectina` rod. and means coupling Said connecting' rod to said oscillatory crank element operated means, the said coupaling.;P means i'ornied to translate the oscillatory motion applied thereto. io a step by step rotation oi said connecting rod.

8. In a lapping machine. in combination, a crank element having an singularly disposed guideway therearound. means mounted on said crank element tor oscillation by said guideivay during operation ot said crank element. and a connecting rod pivotally coupled to said oscillatoryr means, the said oscillatory means adapted to rotate said connecting rod stop by step in one direction.

HERMAN A. ERICKSON. 

